What is a Buffer Solution?

Before we discuss different types of buffer solutions, let's define what a buffer solution is. Then we will briefly explain how to make different buffer solutions.

What is a buffer solution?

A buffer solution is a solution of constant pH. The pH of the buffer solution will not change appreciably if the buffer solution is contaminated with traces of acid or alkali.

What is an acid buffer solution?

An acid buffer solution is a buffer solution with pH less than 7.

How to make an acid buffer solution?

Acid buffer solutions are prepared by mixing together definite amounts of a weak acid and the sodium or potassium salt of the same acid. For example to make an ethanoic acid buffer solution, you will mix ethanoic acid with sodium ethanoate. The same principal applies on how to make a borate buffer solution.

What is an alkali buffer solution?

An alkali buffer solution is a buffer solution with pH of more than 7.

How to make an alkali buffer solution?

To make an alkali buffer solution, you have to mix a weak base (alkali) with a soluble salt of the base. For example, to make ammonia buffer solution, you mix ammonia solution with ammonium chloride.